Thursday, September 30, 2010

Brother Man

1.) A brief biography about Roger Mais.

Roger Mais was a Jamaican journalist, novelist, poet, and playwright. He was born to a middle-class family in Kingston, Jamaica. By 1951, Mais had won ten first prizes in West Indian literary competitions.Educated at Calabar High School and first employed in the Civil Service. His integral role in the development of political and cultural nationalism is evidenced in his being awarded the high honor of the Order of Jamaica in 1978. Mais launched his career as a journalist and contributor for the weekly newspaper, Public Opinion from 1939 to 1952, which was associated with the People's National Party. He also wrote several plays, reviews, and short stories for the newspaper Focus and the Jamaica Daily Gleaner, focusing his articles on social injustice and inequality. He used this approach to reach his local audience and to primarily push for a national identity and anti-colonialism. Mais has published over a hundred short stories, where most can be found in Public Opinion and Focus. Other stories are also collected in Face and Other Stories and And Most of All Man, published in the 1940’s. Mais's play, George William Gordon, was also published in the 1940s, focusing on the Morant Bay Rebellion of 1865.   

2.) What does critics say about Brother Man?
It was said by John Power,the book is extremely siginificant as it is the first serious representation of Rastafarianism in literature , and Roger Mais foresaw the defining power of the Rasta movement to Jamaican society 20 years before the era of Bob Marley and Reggae mainstream. It is also significant as an exploration of life in the Jamaican Ghetto, and how the people relate to their leaders , making them deities and throwing them away when they fail to entertain them.The novel is written in prose with a layout that is seemingly cinematic and episodic , little is done to describe the environment beyond the claustrophobic ghetto of ' The Lane' . 


3.)  Explore the religious aspect in regards to Rastafarianism.

The Rastafari movement (also known as Rastafari, or simply Rasta) is a new religious movement that accepts Haile Selassie I, the former Emperor of Ethiopia, as God incarnate, called Jah or Jah Rastafari.He is also seen as part of the Holy Trinity as the messiah promised in the Bible to return. The name Rastafari comes from Ras (literally "Head," an Ethiopian title equivalent to Duke), and Tafari Makonnen, the pre-coronation name of Haile Selassie I.The movement emerged in Jamaica among working-class and peasant black people in the early 1930s,arising from an interpretation of Biblical prophecy partly based on Selassie's status as the only African monarch of a fully independent state, with the titles King of Kings and Conquering Lion of Judah (Revelation 5:5). Other characteristics of Rastafari include the spiritual use of cannabis,and various Afrocentric social and political aspirations,such as the teachings of Jamaican publicist, organiser, and black separatist Marcus Garvey (also often regarded as a prophet), whose political and cultural vision helped inspire a new world view.The Rastafari movement has spread throughout much of the world, largely through interest generated by reggae music-most notably, that of Jamaican singer/songwriter Bob Marley. By 2000, there were more than one million Rastafari faithful worldwide. About five to ten percent of Jamaicans identify themselves as Rastafari. Many Rastafarians follow an ital diet which essentially means living by the dietary Laws of Leviticus and Deuteronomy in the Old Testament.
 

Wednesday, September 22, 2010

Glossary Of Literary Terms

Novels: a long work of prose fiction especially one that is relatively realistic.

Novella: a work of prose fiction longer than a short story but shorter than a novel ( about 40-80 pages).

Short story: a fictional narrative usually a prose rarely, longer than 30 pages and often much briefer.

Narrative Techniques: The style of telling the story.

Point of view: the method of narrating a short story, novel, narrative poem, or work of non-fiction.


Characterization: the presentation of a character whether by direct description, by showing the character in action,or by the presentation of other characters to help to define each other.


Theme: what the work is about; the underlying idea of the work, a conception of human experience suggested by the concrete details. 


Setting:  the time and place of a story, play or poem.


Plot: the episodes in a narrative or dramatic work: that is what happens.


Style: the manner of expression evident, not only in the choice of certain words, but also in the choice certain kinds of sentence structure, characters, setting and themes.


Irony: the contrast between what is said and what is meant.


Imagery: words and phrases that create vivid, sensory experience for the reader. 


Symbols: is a person, place, object or activity that stands for something beyond itself.


Satire: literary technique in which ideas, customs, behavior or institutions are ridicule for the purpose of improving society.


Allusion: reference to a historical or fictional person, place or event with which is assume to be familiar.


Stream of consciousness: the style of fiction that takes as its subject the flow of thought, responses and sensations of one or more characters.


Interior Monologue: a passage of writing presenting a character's inner thoughts and emotions in a direct, sometimes disjointed and fragmentary manner.


Flashback: an account of conservation, an episode or event that happened before the beginning of the story.

Foreshadowing: a writers use of hints or clues that suggest what events will occur in a narrative.

Time frame: a period during which something takes palace or is projected to occur.


Motif: a recurring word, phrase, image, object, idea or action in a work of literature.


Juxtaposition: the act or an instance of placing two or more things side by side.

Types Of Fiction
 

Eight Types:

Science:
Realistic:
Mystery 
Animal 
Folktale
Autobiography
Fantasy 
Humorous

Literary Context

Political: It may be the political movements the poet supported which interest the critic, but more commonly the poem is assessed on political lines: how fairly or effectively it promotes political action or attitudes.

Historical: to explain not only their allusions and particular use of words, but the conventions and expectations of the times. The approach may be evaluative or may simply use it as historical data.

Social: environment also known as the milieu, is the environment of people that surrounds something's creation or intended audience. Social context reflects how the people around something use and interpret it. The social context influences how something is viewed.

Religious:is the setting of a spiritual nature which sets the tone or background of a particular scene/ event in a story, novel or novelette

Ethnic: is the ethnicity/ethnic background of the main characters in a story.

Moral: sets the tone of the ethical or philosophical tone of the story.

Intellectual: gives the academic or educational background of the protagonist.

Cultural : is the overriding values and mores of the main characters in the book/story.